Cluster Articles

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Did Apollo 13 See the Dark Side of the Moon?

Apollo 13 flew past the Moon in April 1970, becoming the first mission to travel around the Moon without landing. While the command module was behind the Moon, the crew briefly...

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Artemis Launch Time: Current Schedule, Delays, and What to Expect

The Artemis launch time depends on mission objectives, range constraints, and the performance of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket. For Artemis I, the uncrewed test flight, t...

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Artemis Toilet Problem: What It Is and Why It Matters for Future Moon Missions

The Artemis toilet problem centers on NASA’s next-generation space toilet failing acceptance testing under lunar gravity conditions. Unlike shuttle or ISS designs optimized fo...

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Mars Rover Parachute: How It Works, Tests, and Missions

A Mars rover parachute is a critical deceleration system that slows a descending entry, descent, and landing (EDL) vehicle from thousands of kilometers per hour to a survivable...

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Why Have We Not Been Back to the Moon

In short, humans have not returned to the Moon because no government has sustained the political mandate, funding profile, and long-term architecture required to land crews on t...

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Ken Mattingly: NASA Astronaut, Command Module Pilot, and Key Figure in Apollo and Shuttle Programs

Thomas Kenneth Mattingly II, known as Ken Mattingly, was a United States Navy captain and NASA astronaut who flew as a command module pilot on Apollo 16 and as pilot on STS-4 an...

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Images from Artemis 1: What We’ve Seen and What They Mean for Moon Missions

Images from Artemis 1 are the first full-color photos returned by NASA’s uncrewed Orion flight test around the Moon in late 2022. They include distant Earthrise views, detaile...

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Artemis 2 Launch Status: Current Planning and What to Watch

Artemis 2 is set to be the first crewed flight of NASA’s Orion spacecraft and the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket. As of the latest program reviews, Artemis 2 remains in the...

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Live in Mars Project: Goals, Timeline, and Current Status

The Live in Mars project is a long-term, multidisciplinary effort aimed at establishing a sustainable human presence on Mars. It brings together space agencies, research institu...

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Volunteers to Go to Mars: What It Means, Who Qualifies, and How to Apply

Volunteers to go to Mars typically join long-duration research programs run by space agencies or private companies, where they live and work for extended periods in simulated or...

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